The overwhelming evidence of contemporary information technology (IT)
design failures, or ''soft-core disasters, '' and the dynamic synergy
within the IT industry promote an urgency for the adoption of new meth
odologies that will facilitate design-in-action and promote an organiz
ational ability for ''learning to learn. '' An examination of the vari
ous methodologies and management techniques that underlie the IT indus
try reveals a common strategy of dividing organizational functions int
o tasks in a ''top-down'' fashion. One engineering analogy, the cybern
etic control model, has been a major influence on IT management and de
sign, and it underlies much of the management thinking of the engineer
the auditor and, as such, design. The research and development approa
ch is recommended for design-in-action development and an open-ended I
T strategy to facilitate an organizational ability for learning to lea
rn.