During seed development, cell division is followed by elongation, diff
erentiation and storage, In legumes, this sequence of events has been
found to spread in a wave-like manner, creating a developmental gradie
nt across the cotyledons. All these processes, including storage activ
ities, appear to be subject to metabolic control. Sucrose is imported
during seed development, and a sucrose breakdown pathway mediated by c
ell wall invertase operates in the seed coat during early development.
The resulting high hexose state is associated with growth and mitotic
activity, The storage/maturation phase is initiated following the dev
elopmentally controlled loss of invertase, and is accompanied by the f
ormation of an active sucrose transport system, Invertases are therefo
re regarded as a control element in the changing carbohydrate status o
f seeds, and the invertase control hypothesis for seed development has
emerged. Cotyledonary sucrose metabolism is controlled by a cycle of
synthesis and breakdown involving sucrose-phosphate synthase and sucro
se synthase, respectively; net breakdown for storage product synthesis
involves sucrose synthase. The complex framework of interactions invo
lved in these pathways is now being elucidated via a combination of bi
ochemical, physioloscal and molecular methods.