Jn. Scott et al., CRITICAL THINKING - CHANGE DURING MEDICAL-SCHOOL AND RELATIONSHIP TO PERFORMANCE IN CLINICAL CLERKSHIPS, Medical education, 32(1), 1998, pp. 14-18
The development of critical thinking, the ability to solve problems by
assessing evidence using valid inferences, abstractions, and generali
zations, is one of the global goals advocated by most medical schools.
This study determined changes in critical thinking skills between ent
ry and near the end of the third year of medical school, assessed the
predictive ability of a test of critical thinking skills, and assessed
the concurrent validity of clerkship components and final grade. The
Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Assessment (WGCTA) was administered to
one class of students at entry to medical school and near the end of
year 3. Performance data for those students who completed their clinic
al clerkships on schedule were also recorded. Critical thinking improv
ed modestly but significantly from entry to medical school to near the
end of year 3. The ability of a critical thinking test to predict cle
rkship performance was limited; the correlation between WGCTA total sc
ore at entry and the components and final grade of five major clerkshi
ps ranged from near 0 to 0.34. The concurrent validity of clerkship co
mponents and final grade was also limited; correlations with WGCTA tot
al score near the end of year 3 ranged between 0.08 and 0.49. The corr
elation between WGCTA total score and United States Medical Licensing
Examination Step 2 was higher at year 3 than at medical school entry.
Critical thinking skills improve moderately during medical school. Use
d alone, tests of critical thinking may be of limited value in predict
ing which students will be successful in clinical clerkships. Clerkshi
p evaluation components and final grade have limited concurrent validi
ty when a test of critical thinking is the criterion.