HIGH-INCIDENCE OF EARLY ANAPHYLACTOID REACTION TO SAIMR POLYVALENT SNAKE ANTIVENOM

Citation
Nf. Moran et al., HIGH-INCIDENCE OF EARLY ANAPHYLACTOID REACTION TO SAIMR POLYVALENT SNAKE ANTIVENOM, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 92(1), 1998, pp. 69-70
Citations number
9
Categorie Soggetti
Public, Environmental & Occupation Heath","Tropical Medicine
ISSN journal
00359203
Volume
92
Issue
1
Year of publication
1998
Pages
69 - 70
Database
ISI
SICI code
0035-9203(1998)92:1<69:HOEART>2.0.ZU;2-J
Abstract
During a prospective study of 147 patients with snakebite presenting t o a rural South African hospital, 13 of 17 patients (76%) treated with South African Institute for Medical Research (SAIMR) polyvalent antiv enom experienced potentially severe early (anaphylactoid) reactions. T he most common reaction was generalized urticaria (12; 71%), but 3 cas es of angio-oedema (18%), 2 of bronchospasm (12%), and 2 of hypotensio n (12%) were also observed. Reactions were controlled with adrenaline, antihistamines, and resuscitation. All patients fully recovered from envenoming although the full dose of antivenom was nor given to most. Indications for the use of this antivenom should be reconsidered and p atients should be given antivenom in a high care setting if possible. Use of antivenom by lay people outside hospital should be discouraged and antivenom manufacturing processes could usefully be reviewed.