This article addresses the general trends and research directions taki
ng place in managed care behavioral health care settings. Such challen
ges as the demands for accountability and cost-effectiveness have led
to the pressing need for (a) sound outcomes measurement systems, (b) s
tandardization of empirically supported treatment protocols, and (c) m
ore concerted efforts to bridge the gap in psychology between efficacy
research occurring in controlled, often academic settings, and effect
iveness research whereby tested protocols are implemented and evaluate
d within actual practice settings. The treatment literature of three d
iagnostic groups-anxiety, mood disorders, and eating disorders-is disc
ussed regarding present empirical support and research directions.