2 INSTANCES OF KLEPTOPARASITISM IN PASSERINES

Kleptoparasitism among passerines is rare. We report two instance of k leptoparasitism, one with an adult Worm eating Warbler (Helmintheros v ermivorus) acting as a kleptoparasite on a female Black and white Warb ler (Mniotilta varia) and one with a male Indigo Bunting (Passerina cy anea) acting as a kleptoparasite on a female Worm eating Warbler. In b oth instances parents were disturbed while feeding fledglings. This co mbination may occur infrequently, which would explain why kleptoparasi tism is rarely observed among small passerines.