Sp. Hogan et al., PREVENTION OF TH2-MEDIATED MURINE ALLERGIC AIRWAYS DISEASE BY SOLUBLE-ANTIGEN ADMINISTRATION IN THE NEONATE, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United Statesof America, 95(5), 1998, pp. 2441-2445
It has been demonstrated recently that neonatal antigen administration
in the mouse can lead to priming for Th2-mediated immune responses. T
his observation has important implications for the development of vacc
ination strategies in humans, particularly for individuals who may be
predisposed to atopy or asthma. In this paper it is shown that althoug
h i.p. administration of antigen (100 mu g) in adjuvant to the neonate
does indeed prime for Th2-mediated disease in mice [allergic airways
disease (AAD)], when the same relatively low dose of antigen is given
in soluble form no priming occurs. Further, administration of a larger
dose of soluble antigen (1 mg) actually prevents the ability to prime
for a Th2 response subsequently and so prevents the induction of AAD.
Protection from disease was associated with evidence of functional in
activation of both Th1 and Th2 ovalbumin-specific T cells. In contrast
, administration of a very low dose of antigen (10 mu g) primed for a
Th2 response in a similar fashion to antigen in adjuvant. We suggest t
hat the adjuvant lowers the ''effective'' dose of antigen administered
in the neonate and thereby primes for Th2-type immune responses. Thes
e findings demonstrate that neonatal antigen administration can inhibi
t Th2-mediated diseases, such as AAD, but the dose of antigen may be c
ritical to avoid predisposition to disease.