Information system security has turned out to be much more challenging
than at first thought. In the 1980s, a great deal of energy was expen
ded in an attempt to create a broad market of security-enhanced system
s. This market, however, did not develop, and most computer systems to
day include only rudimentary security mechanisms. New technologies, su
ch as extensible systems and security wrappers, hold promise to reintr
oduce security as an effective and ubiquitous system service.