Patients undergoing vascular surgery present a major challenge for the
medical and surgery teams because patients admitted for vascular surg
ery frequently have other associated disorders. Vital functions must b
e optimized preoperatively in this population. Several problems may ar
ise in the preoperative and postoperative periods. The risk of hypothe
rmia or cardiovascular instability and early treatment of postoperativ
e complications require careful management. Several diagnostic and the
rapeutic tools are available but their routine use has not always been
validated by clinical trials in the pathophysiological setting of vas
cular disease. We present several examples of discordance between the
pathophysiological models and results of clinical studies and raise th
e question of therapeutic objectives.