Health-care organizations have recognized the need to prepare physicia
ns for various leadership and management positions within their own in
stitutions, The demands of a dynamic health-care environment have crea
ted increased pressure for institutions to develop a larger cadre of p
hysician leaders and managers among their staff, and this must be done
cost-effectively and efficiently, In the past, physicians who wanted
more education had to look beyond their practice to fulfill this need,
Institutions have begun to create tailor-made programs for their phys
icians in order to meet the various needs of their staff regarding lea
dership and management, Herein we describe the educational initiatives
undertaken in 1995 and 1996 to provide Mayo physicians with in-house
leadership and management programming, A substantial number of institu
tions are answering the challenge for increased physician expertise in
leadership and management through the development of their own in-hou
se programs.