H. Silk et al., RESPONSE TO PNEUMOCOCCAL IMMUNIZATION IN CHILDREN WITH AND WITHOUT RECURRENT INFECTIONS, The Journal of asthma, 35(1), 1998, pp. 101-112
Many children with recurrent sinopulmonary infections fail to mount an
adequate humoral response following immunization with polysaccharide
antigens. At present there are no controlled studies comparing respons
es to pneumococcal immunization in children with recurrent infections
and a healthy, age-matched cohort. Immunological evaluation was perfor
med on 66 children with recurrent sinopulmonary infections, aged 2-5 y
ears (mean 3.06 +/- 0.92). A control group included 28 healthy, age-ma
tched controls (mean 3.14 +/- 0.88 years). Both groups were immunized
with 23 valent pneumococcal vaccine, and titers were measured before a
nd 4 weeks after immunization. Antibody levels to 12 pneumococcal sero
types were measured via radioimmunoassay. Geometric preimmunization me
an titers in the control group were 215.5 +/- 157 ngAbN/ml rising to 9
89.5 +/- 745 ngAbN/ml compared to 77.71 +/- 38.4 ngAbN/ml increasing t
o 446.7 +/- 406 ngAbN/ml in the study group (p < .05). Serotypes 3, 4,
7F, 8, 9N, and 18C were the most immunogenic, while serotypes 6A and
14 were the least. Overall, the control group responded to 7.71 +/- 1.
24 serotypes versus 5.1 +/- 2.0 in the study group (p < .05), where po
stimmunization titers at least doubled and rose to greater than or equ
al to 300 ngAbN/ml. All controls responded to at least five or more se
rotypes, 26/28 responded to 6 or more. In contrast, only 38/66 (57%) o
f study patients responded to five or more serotypes, and only 27/66 (
41%) responded to at least 6 of 12. Preimmunization titers of greater
than 300 ngAbN/ml were present in 30% (102/336) of the control serotyp
es; however, only 53 of these (52%) doubled post immunization; 22% of
the elevated titers decreased post immunization. Markedly elevated tit
ers greater than or equal to 500 ngAbN/ml were present in 20% (69/336)
of the preimmunization serotypes, only 39% of these doubled post immu
nization. Twenty-three valent pneumococcal vaccine is immunogenic in y
oung, healthy children. A significant percentage of children with recu
rrent sinopulmonary infections fail to produce adequate serotype speci
fic antibodies following pneumococcal immunization.