Kw. Hui et al., DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF COPLANAR WAVE-GUIDE OPTICAL MODULATOR USING FINITE-ELEMENT METHOD, International journal of infrared and millimeter waves, 18(4), 1997, pp. 875-887
An analysis is given on the finite element method (FEM) for calculatin
g the various parameters of optical modulators and a computer program
is written to solve the finite element equation. Based on this method,
a Mach-Zehnder type electro-optic modulator with coplanar waveguide (
CPW) electrode is designed and fabricated. When compared with the Four
ier series method, small differences on the 3-dB bandwidth, characteri
stic impedance and half-wave voltage, etc. are obtained.