We discuss multiple-time scale properties of neurophysiological contro
l mechanisms, using heart rate and gait regulation as model systems. W
e find that scaling exponents can be used as prognostic indicators. Fu
rthermore, detection of more subtle degradation of scaling properties
may provide a novel early warning system in subjects with a variety of
pathologies including those at high risk of sudden death. (C) Publish
ed by 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.