TEST EQUATING - WHAT, WHY, HOW

The purpose of this paper is to introduce test equating, including its concept, needs, and methods, to the field of physical education and e xercise science. Both traditional and item response theory (IRT) equat ing methods, along with data collection designs, were described in det ail, and the advantages and disadvantages of these methods were also i ntroduced. In addition, equating errors and evaluation criteria, sampl e size, and related computer programs were introduced. rising an exist ing data set of sit-up tests, a test-equaling application was illustra ted through a step-by-step example. As a result, two sit-up tests were equated onto a common scale, and equating accuracy was evaluated usin g both equating and cross-validation samples. Finally, benefits and po tential applications of test equating in assessing motor functions and skill, as roell as future research challenges, were described.