Se. Woodard et al., MEASURED SPACECRAFT DYNAMIC EFFECTS ON ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS, IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, 36(2), 1998, pp. 359-367
In September 1991, NASA launched the Upper Atmosphere Research Satelli
te (UARS). In addition to its atmospheric science mission, spacecraft
dynamic effects on science measurements mere analyzed. The investigati
on included two in-flight experiments to determine how each onboard in
strument, subsystem, and environmental disturbance contributed to the
spacecraft dynamic response and how these disturbances affected scienc
e measurements. Three case studies are presented that show the impact
of spacecraft dynamic response on science measurements. The case studi
es have demonstrated that the influence of spacecraft dynamic response
needs to be examined in most remote sensing spacecraft that have atti
tude jitter levels commensurate to instrument pointing requirements. I
n the first case, correlation of independent atmospheric meridional wi
nd measurements taken by two instruments with the spacecraft dynamic r
esponse demonstrated that excessive vibration (exceeding instrument po
inting requirements) resulted in wind measurement disagreement. In the
second case, solar array disturbances produced a spacecraft response
signature on radiometer measurements. The signature explicitly demonst
rated that if an instrument has sufficient spatial and temporal resolu
tion, spacecraft dynamic response could impact measurements. In the fi
nal case, correlation of an instruments fine sun-sensor data and CO2 m
easurements demonstrated the effect of temporal and spatial, sampling
resolution and active pointing control on science measurements. The su
n sensor had a frequency modulated characteristic, due to spacecraft v
ibration and the periodic scanning of another instrument, which was no
t present on the CO2 measurements.