THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE IN THE DERMATO LOGY IN GERMANY IN RELATIONTO THE EMIGRATION OF JEWISH DERMATOLOGISTS IN THE TIME OF NATIONAL-SOCIALISM

The anti-semitic laws let to the persecution of the Jews in Germany du ring the time of National Socialism. About 600 Jewish dermatologists h ad to suffer from the prohibition of their profession. 63% of them lef t Germany. The emigrants mainly prefered to move out to the U.S. The p olicy of coordination and elimination of the National Socialists led t o the reappointment of dermatological chairs in universities. The Nati onal Socialists also forced the change in the boards of dermatological societies and the change of the editorial boards of dermatological jo urnals. All papers of the three leading dermatological journals were a nalysed for the evaluation of the development of science. The assessme nt included the number of articles, the origin of the authors and the contents of articles (research, clinics, diagnostic, therapy). From 19 33 to 1945 the number of papers per year decreased consequently, espec ially during the Second World War. During the whole time the number of German authors increased and the number of abroad living authors decr eased. There was a very good and interesting international exchange of information in the journal ''Archiv for Dermatologie und Syphilis''. The activity reduced clearly after the beginning of the Second World W ar in 1939. The analysis of contents resulted in a reduction of basis science research and an orientation to the clinical research. Papers a bout therapeutical possibilities were always published. The emigration of Jewish dermatologists led to a continous reduction of scientific a ctivities and to an extensive international isolation.