Lc. Albuquerque et al., KINETIC AND THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF 2-BROMO-2-METHYLBUTANE, 2-CHLORO-2-METHYLBUTANE AND 3-CHLORO-3-METHYLPENTANE IN DIOLS, Journal of physical organic chemistry, 11(1), 1998, pp. 36-40
Rate constants, k, were determined for the solvolytic reactions of 2-b
romo-2-methylbutane, 2-chloro-2-methylbutane and 3-chloro-3-methylpent
ane in 10 pure diols at 298.15 K. The Gibbs energies of activation wer
e calculated in order to study the influence of the solvent and to pro
vide mechanistic information about the activation process. By combinin
g these values with a set of infinite dilution activity coefficients,
gamma(infinity), the transfer Gibbs energies of the reactants (initial
state) and of the activated complex (transition state) were obtained,
which allowed the solvent effects on both states to be quantitatively
analysed. The gamma(infinity) values were calculated using the UNIFAC
group contribution method. The modified Flory-Huggins equation was us
ed in the combinatorial term. The interaction parameters were taken fr
om the specific UNIFAC gamma(infinity) interaction parameter table, ex
cept for the gamma(infinity) values of 2-chloro-2-methylbutane and 3-c
hloro-3-methylpentane in diethylene glycol and triethylene glycol, whi
ch were obtained using the gamma(infinity) UNIFAC-VLE interaction para
meter tables. For comparative purposes all the ether infinite dilution
activity coefficients of the three solutes in the diols were also cal
culated using the UNIFAC-VLE parameter tables. (C) 1998 John Wiley & S
ons, Ltd.