DETECTION OF KISSING BONDS BY LAMB WAVES

Closed cracks under compressive normal stresses are difficult to detec t by the conventional ultrasonic techniques. When the crack surfaces s tay in very close contact with each other then the bond between the tw o surfaces of the crack is called a 'kissing bond'. This is a very dan gerous bond. Catastrophic failures can result if the system is subject ed to crack opening normal stresses or shear stresses. When the crack surfaces are smooth then kissing bonds cannot transmit shear stress ve ry well but can carry compressive normal stress, these bonds are calle d 'slip bonds'. Conventional P-wave scans (C-scan or A-scan) are based on the assumptions that P-waves are reflected by the defective interf ace. However, an interface subjected to a large compressive stress can not reflect P-waves effectively, hence these bonds remain invisible to the conventional P-wave based C-scan or A-scan techniques. In this pa per it is shown that the kissing bonds can be effectively detected by some leaky Lamb mode. Theoretical and experimental results are present ed to show that using the Lamb waves is an effective way of detecting kissing bonds. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.