P53-DEPENDENT APOPTOSIS AND TRANSCRIPTION OF P21(WAFLCIP1 SDI1) IN SCID MICE FOLLOWING GAMMA-IRRADIATION/

The recruitment and activation of DNA-repair mechanisms at the sites o f DNA-damage after exposure of cells to genotoxic stress are poorly un derstood. The DNA-dependent kinase (DNA-PK) was considered to be a lik ely candidate for initiating these events because of the conditions re quired for its activation, its phosphorylation of p53 in vitro and the extreme radiosensitivity induced by its inactivation in vivo. We anal yzed irradiation-induced p53-activation in SCID mice, which lack DNA-P K activity, and found that p53-dependent apoptosis and p21(waf/cipl/sd il) transcription in these animals are at least as efficient as in wil d-type mice. Thus, our results show that DNA-PK is not the main sensor for genotoxic stress and is not required for p53 activation. In fact, they rather suggest that DNA-PK may play a role in p53 down-regulatio n.