BACKGROUND: Mutations involving the oncogene K-ras in colorectal cance
r may be related to tumor aggressiveness. However, the value of K-ras
gene determination as a prognostic marker has not been clearly establi
shed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The results from 98 patients recruited in
a prospective study analyzing the effect of a K-ras mutation as a prog
nostic factor in colorectal cancer are reported. RESULTS: Disease-free
(P = 0.02) and overall survival (P = 0.03) were significantly reduced
for patients harboring a K-ras mutation. Two specific mutations demon
strated a significantly increased risk of disease recurrence, namely,
12-TGT (P = 0.04) and 13-GAC substitutions (P = 0.002). Patients with
either of these substitutions had a 2-year disease-free survival rate
of 37% compared with that of 67% for the group of patients harboring a
ny other mutation type or a wild-type status (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS:
The results herein presented suggest that K-ras acts as a prognostic f
actor in colorectal cancer and that this effect is probably related to
a limited number of defined mutations. (C) 1998 by Excerpta Medica, I
nc.