Objective: To describe a case of Haemophilus influenzae type f (Hif) m
eningitis occurring in the H. influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine era. Res
ults: Successful treatment of a case of Hif meningitis in a previously
vaccinated 3-year-old girl is described. The outcome was complicated
by deafness. No underlying immunosuppression was demonstrated. Conclus
ions: Despite the great success of Hib vaccines in reducing invasive d
isease due to H. influenzae, cases of H. influenzae meningitis continu
e to occur, caused by less common encapsulated serotypes. Whether ther
e will be an increase in the number of these cases in the vaccine era
is unknown and infection due to non-b serotypes requires close monitor
ing.