The cloning of angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor genes and the availabi
lity of specific receptor ligands allows characterization of,lng II re
ceptor-mediated actions, Most of the well-known Ang II effects such as
vasoconstriction. drinking response and cell proliferation are mediat
ed through the AT(1) receptor. Little is known about the physiological
effect of the AT(2) receptor, though there are some reports describin
g the involvement of the AT(2) receptor in blood pressure regulation.
Recent data demonstrate that the AT(2)-mediated actions are inhibitory
to AT(2)- and mitogen-induced growth effects, indicating a balancing
mechanism for Ang II-controlled mechanisms. It has also been demonstra
ted that AT(2) receptor inactivation induces endothelial cell prolifer
ation in the presence of Ang II. Additionally! AT(2) receptor activati
on enhances nerve growth factor-induced differentiation of PC12W cells
and a role in apoptotic changes has also been reported. Based on rece
nt findings, this article focuses on the role of Ang II in growth and
differentiation processes with respect to the AT(2) receptor in these
events.