BIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL SIGNS OF CLIMATE-CHANGE - FOCUS ON MOSQUITO-BORNE DISEASES

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concluded that there is ''discernible evidence'' that humans-through accelerating changes in m ultiple forcing factors-have begun to alter the earth's climate regime . Such conclusions are based primarily upon so-called ''fingerprint'' studies, namely the warming pattern in the midtroposphere in the South ern Hemisphere, the disproportionate rise in nighttime and winter temp eratures, and the statistical increase in extreme weather events in ma ny nations. All three aspects of climate change and climate variabilit y have biological implications. Detection of climate change has also d rawn upon data from glacial records that indicate a general retreat of tropical summit glaciers. Here the authors examine biological (plant and insect) data, glacial findings, and temperature records taken at h igh-elevation, mountainous regions. It is concluded that, at high elev ations, the overall trends regarding glaciers, plants, insect range, a nd shifting isotherms show remarkable internal consistency, and that t here is consistency between model projections and the ongoing changes. There are implications for public health as well as for developing an interdisciplinary approach to the detection of climate change.