A revised description of the Rhytirrhininae based on the larval stage
is provided, including characters of phylogenetic value. Larvae of sev
en rhytirrhinine species native to South America are treated. Four of
these are described and illustrated for the first time: Antarctobius f
alklandicus (Enderlein), Listroderes abditus Enderlein, Listroderes br
uchi Hustache, and Rhigopsidius tucumanus Heller. Three are redescribe
d: Listroderes costirostris Schoenherr, Listronotus bonariensis (Kusch
el), and Rhigopsidius piercei Heller. Generic level descriptions and r
edescriptions of larvae are provided. Various biological aspects of Rh
ytirrhininae are revised, and new information on larval instars and bi
ology of Listroderes bruchi from Argentina is given.