In the first part of the paper, a quantitative theory is developed and
new experimental data are presented, which attribute recently observe
d plateaus in three-pulse photon echoes in glasses to laser heating ar
tifacts. In the second part, the root t-spectral diffusion, recently o
bserved in long time (> 3 h) hole-burning in proteins and glasses, is
addressed. Avoiding interacting two-level systems (TLS), we present a
model which is supported by MD-simulations and based on the notion of
a hierarchical energy landscape. Within it, the algebraic line broaden
ing is connected with the side chain dynamics of the polymer glass and
the protein; contrary, the standard logarithmic spectral diffusion (S
D) is associated with the collective backbone dynamics. Excellent agre
ement with experiment is found for both proteins and glasses. The diff
erence between them is attributed to the amount of disorder and organi
zation in their energy landscapes. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Scie
nce B.V. All rights reserved.