The review on contemporary knowledge of the group of depsipeptides. A
hydroxy acid unit incorporated in a peptide chain is very similar to a
n amino acid unit. The ester bond is more labile than amide bond and m
ay prove unstable in the usual conditions of peptide synthesis. The co
ndensation, protecting groups, deprotection steps, and several side re
actions are discussed. Attention is paid to the biological activity of
depsipeptides.