T. Okano et al., CATALYTIC CYANATION OF ARYL HALIDES WITH NACN IN THE PRESENCE OF CROWNED PHOSPHINE COMPLEXES OF PALLADIUM UNDER SOLID-LIQUID 2-PHASE CONDITIONS, Synlett, (3), 1998, pp. 243-244
The cyanation of aryl halides with powdered NaCN in dioxane is efficie
ntly catalyzed by crowned phosphine complexes of palladium to give ary
l cyanides in good yields. Owing to the proximity effect of the crowne
d complexes, the catalytic efficiency is superior to those of mixed sy
stems of unmodified phosphine complexes of palladium with the correspo
nding crown ethers.