CLINICAL INTERVIEW SKILLS AND IDENTIFICATION OF EMOTIONAL DISORDERS IN PRIMARY-CARE

Objective: The aim of this research was to study the relationship betw een the clinical interview skills of primary care physicians and their psychodiagnostic ability during office visits. Methods: Ten doctors t ook part in the study, and 233 patients were assessed. The patients we re seen and diagnosed by their physicians and interviewed afterward by a psychiatrist using the Present State Examination. All the interview s with the primary care physicians were recorded on videotape, and the Physician's Skills Observation Scale was used to analyze 10 interview s per doctor, five psychiatric cases and five nonpsychiatric cases. Re sults: The physician's active listening (eye contact, posture, and abs ence of verbal interruptions) and ability to ask questions with psycho logical content were associated with the ability to identify the patie nt's emotional problems. This association was shown to be independent of the physician's characteristics (social, academic, attitudinal, and professional), the sociodemographic characteristics of the patients, the time spent in exploration during the office visit, and the severit y of the emotional or somatic disorder. Conclusions: The findings of t his research highlight the need to train primary care physicians in sp ecific interview skills, in order to improve their ability to identify mental disorders in their practices.