In a percentage of cases, conventional morphologic evaluation of bone-
marrow needle biopsy (BMNB) in insufficient to achieve a firm diagnosi
s. Under these circumstances, immunohistochemistry plays a basic role,
providing an easy and objective key for the interpretation of the pat
tern observed in most instances. Herein, the authors focus on the tech
nical procedures, which allow extensive application of immunohistochem
istry to the study of BMNB, as well as on the panels of antibodies nee
ded for the identification of the most relevant conditions.