The Organization for Economic Go-operation and Development (OECD) has
identified an elaborate set of indicators by which to judge aspects of
education systems. This paper provides a comparative analysis of the
education-related features of 28 high-income countries an terms of thr
ee blocks of indicators relating respectively to the contexts, process
es and results of each system. Factor analyses skewed that several asp
ects of the OECD model are more complicated than previously thought. F
or this reason, the OECD faces a choice of enriching the range of indi
cators or pruning same components to gain parsimony and greater countr
y participation in data collection. The article demonstrates that to t
he extent that the OECD model holds, education context variables appea
r to influence costs, resources and school processes. In turn, process
es appear to influence results including achievement though in some ca
ses weakly and in other cases surprisingly. Although further changes i
n the OECD model deserve consideration the article also shows how it h
as grown substantially in scope, methodological rigor and country part
icipation during the past decade.