Spirosphaera lignicola sp. nov., an aero-aquatic mitosporic fungus fou
nd on a submerged unidentified decaying twig in a stream in woodland i
n Italy, is described and illustrated. It is characterized by developi
ng more than one lateral branch on the parent filament, coiling and in
tertwining in different planes, then branching again in the same way,
resulting in a tightly interwoven globose conidial propagule and also
by its conidial filament which is knobbly. Two additional aero-aquatic
species Candelabrum brocchiatum and Helicodendron luteo-album are rep
orted for the first time in Italy.