Yk. Hwang et Ma. Brinton, A 68-NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE WITHIN THE 3'-NONCODING REGION OF SIMIAN HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER VIRUS NEGATIVE-STRAND RNA BINDS TO 4 MA104 CELL-PROTEINS, Journal of virology, 72(5), 1998, pp. 4341-4351
The 3' noncoding region (NCR) of the negative-strand RNA [3'(-)NCR RNA
] of the arterivirus simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV) is 209 nucl
eotides (nt) in length. Since this 3' region, designated 3'(-)209, is
the site of initiation of full-length positive-strand RNA and is the t
emplate for the synthesis of the 5' leader sequence, which is found on
both full-length and subgenomic mRNAs, it is likely to contain cis-ac
ting signals for RNA synthesis and to interact with cellular and viral
proteins to form replication complexes. Gel mobility shift assays sho
wed that cellular proteins in MA104 S100 cytoplasmic extracts formed t
wo complexes with the SHFV 3'(-)209 RNA, and results from competition
gel mobility shift assays demonstrated that these interactions were sp
ecific. Four proteins with molecular masses of 103, 86, 55, and 36 kDa
were detected in UV-induced cross-linking assays, and three of these
proteins (103, 55, and 36 kDa) were also detected by Northwestern blot
ting assays. Identical gel mobility shift and UV-induced cross-linking
patterns were obtained with uninfected and SHFV-infected extracts, in
dicating that the four proteins detected are cellular, not viral, prot
eins, The binding sites for the four cellular proteins were mapped to
the region between nt 117 and 184 (68-nt sequence) from the 3' end of
the SHFV negative-strand RNA. This 68-nt sequence was predicted to for
m tao stem-loops, SL4 and SL5. The 3'(-)NCR RNA of another arterivirus
, lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus C (LDV-C), competed with the S
HFV 3'(-)209 RNA in competition gel mobility shift assays. W-induced c
ross-linking assays showed that four MA104 cellular proteins with the
same molecular masses as those that bind to the SHFV 3'(-)209 RNA also
bind to the LDV-C 3'(-)NCR RNA and equine arteritis virus 3'(-)NCR RN
A. However, each of these viral RNAs also bound to an additional MA104
protein. The binding sites for the MA104 cellular proteins were shown
to be located in similar positions in the LDV-C 3'(-)NCR and SHFV 3'(
-)209 RNAs. These data suggest that the binding sites for a set of the
cellular proteins are conserved in all arterivirus RNAs and that thes
e cell proteins may be utilized as components of viral replication com
plexes.