We discuss and debunk five common assumptions about the interrelation
of semantics, syntax, and frequency during sentence processing. In the
course of this, we explore the implications of the view that syntax i
s assigned as the last stage of comprehension rather than the first: S
tatistically based perceptual strategies propose an initial semantic r
epresentation, which then constrains the assignment of syntactic repre
sentations. This view accounts for a variety of facts, as well as sugg
esting some surprising new ones.