PYOGENIC BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-INFECTEDINPATIENTS - A CLINICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, MICROBIOLOGICAL, AND EPIDEMIOLOGIC-STUDY

We prospectively studied features of pyogenic bacterial pneumonia in 2 63 consecutive human immunodeficiency virus-infected inpatients over a 6-month study period. Risk factors for bacterial pneumonia were exami ned by a case-control study that included 33 cases who presented with at least one episode of bacterial pneumonia and 80 controls without ba cterial pneumonia. The estimated cumulative incidence of bacterial pne umonia per year was 12.5 cases per 100 inpatients (95% confidence inte rval [CI], 8.8-17.2). The 38 episodes of bacterial pneumonia that occu rred in the 33 inpatients were mainly unilateral, but 32 episodes were patchy lobar or diffuse infiltrates. Microbiological etiologies were obtained in 33 of the 38 episodes of bacterial pneumonia. Thirty-seven pathogens were identified, including Streptococcus pneumoniae (16, of which 12 had a decreased susceptibility to penicillin), Haemophilus i nfluenzae (6), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6), The risk factors for ba cterial pneumonia that were identified after logistic regression inclu ded prior sinusitis within 1 month before admission (odds ratio [OR], 3.2; 95% CI, 1.1-9.1) and prior bacterial infection of the lower respi ratory tract within 6 months before admission (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.1-8. 3).