As part of a major study into the success and survival of in-house OR
groups in the UK the closure of 15 groups was investigated. Six select
ed continuing groups were also examined with the aim of identifying cr
itical success and survival factors. Information was collected by inte
rviews with key personnel, backed with questionnaire data. The results
showed that external and organisational factors were a major cause of
closure but that some factors within the control of a group could hav
e been managed more vigorously. Suggestions for improving the effectiv
eness of OR groups and supporting dispersed practitioners are given.