Several decades ago, Ingram already complained that ''Atopy means exac
tly nothing, except in the mind of Coca and Cooke'', Despite very subs
tantial progress in basic and clinical research on the atopic diseases
, particularly in the areas of immunogenetics, cellular immunology and
immunopharmacology, there is still a great deal of uncertainty, confu
sion and conflict on what exactly the basic underlying abnormality of
the atopic diseases may be. Therefore, this inaugural feature of Contr
oversies in Experimental Dermatology illustrates the ongoing dispute o
n one of the unsolved key problems of experimental and clinical dermat
ology, and sketches promising avenues for future research.