Infections of the eye and genital tract with the bacterium Chlamydia t
rachomatis are a major cause of morbidity worldwide and are costly to
treat. Development of a vaccine capable of protecting against infectio
n or severe disease presents special challenges but would be the most
effective long-term option for control of chlamydial disease. Progress
has been made in understanding protective and pathological immune mec
hanisms in these infections, and a number of potential vaccine candida
tes have been developed.