MOLECULAR OZONE AND RADICAL PATHWAYS OF BROMATE FORMATION DURING OZONATION

An understanding of bromate formation mechanisms is critical for minim ization and control of bromate formation during ozonation. Bromate for mation observed in different natural source waters in the presence of a hydroxyl radical scavenger indicated that bromate formed predominant ly through the free radical pathway. Carbonate radicals formed in the presence of alkalinity act as secondary oxidants of bromine species le ading to enhanced bromate formation. The effects of adding hydrogen pe roxide and ammonia during ozonation were also evaluated.