SHELL FILLING OF ARTIFICIAL ATOMS WITHIN DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY

The electronic structures of three-dimensional quantum dots described by parabolic and nonparabolic confinements are calculated using spin-d ensity-functional theory. For representative cases we determined the e lectron-number-dependent capacitive energy, the energy required to add an additional electron to a quantum dot, by self-consistent solution of the equations using a finite difference method with preconditioned conjugate gradient minimization. Shell-filling and spin configuration effects are identified, as found in electronic structure of the atoms. The peak positions of the capacitive energy at the number of electron s N=2, 6, and 12 for the cylindrical symmetric quantum dot are in good agreement with experimental data. [S0163-1829(98)04811-5].