D. Zielinski, LIFE-CYCLE AND ALTITUDE RANGE OF GAMMARUS-LEOPOLIENSIS JAZDZEWSKI ANDKONOPACKA, 1989 (AMPHIPODA) IN SOUTH-EASTERN POLAND, Crustaceana, 71, 1998, pp. 129-143
A description of the life cycle of Gammarus leopoliensis based on mont
hly samples from the Strwiaz River (Black Sea basin, Polish Eastern Ca
rpathians) is presented. The species is shown to be multivoltine itero
parous, with one breeding period per female's life-span. It lives in s
ubmontane streams and rivers at altitudes up to c. 800 m. Steepness an
d stream velocity seem to play a vital role in limiting the species' a
ltitude range extension.