E. Gutkin, GREENS-FUNCTIONS OF FREE-PRODUCTS OF OPERATORS, WITH APPLICATIONS TO GRAPH SPECTRA AND TO RANDOM-WALKS, Nagoya Mathematical Journal, 149, 1998, pp. 93-116
We systematically develop an algebraic technique of free products of o
perators and their Green's functions. We apply this framework to obtai
n, in a simple and uniform fashion, several results on the spectra of
graph Laplaceans and random walks.