Isotype switching is the DNA recombination mechanism by which antibody
genes diversity immunoglobulin effector functions. HPT contrast to V(
D)J recombination, which is mediated by RAG1, RAG2 and DNA double-stra
nded break (DSB) repair proteins, little is known about the mechanism
of switching. We have investigated tbe role of DNA DSB repair in switc
h recombination in mice that are unable to repair DSBs due to a defici
ency in Ku80 (Ku80(-/-)). B-cell development is arrested at the pro-B
cell stage in Ku80(-/-) mice because of abnormalities in V(D)J recombi
nation, and there are no mature B cells. To reconstitute the B-cell co
mpartment in Ku80(-/-) mice, pre-rearranged V(B1-8)DJ(H)2 (mu(1)) and
V(3-83)J(K)2 (kappa(1)) genes were introduced into the Ku80(-/-) backg
round (Ku80(-/-)mu(1/+)kappa(1/+)) Ku80(-/-)mu(1/+)kappa(1/+) mice dev
elop mature mIgM(+) B cells that respond normally to lipopolysaccharid
e (LPS) or LPS pins interleukin-4 (IL-4) by producing specific germlin
e Ig constant region transcripts and by forming snitch region-specific
DSBs. However, Ku80(-/-)mu(1/+)kappa(1/+) B cells are unable to produ
ce immunoglobulins of secondary isotypes, and fail to complete switch
recombination. Thus, Ku80 is essential for switch recombination in viv
o, suggesting a significant overlap between the molecular machinery th
at mediates DNA DSB repair, V(D)J recombination and isotype switching.