DETERMINATION OF ULTRATRACE GALLIUM IN RIVER WATER BY ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY AFTER PRECONCENTRATION WITH SOLVENT-EXTRACTION AND BACK-EXTRACTION
H. Kawaguchi et al., DETERMINATION OF ULTRATRACE GALLIUM IN RIVER WATER BY ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY AFTER PRECONCENTRATION WITH SOLVENT-EXTRACTION AND BACK-EXTRACTION, Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 71(3), 1998, pp. 647-650
A method for the determination of gallium at ng dm(-3) levels in river
water is described. Gallium is extracted into carbon tetrachloride as
an ion pair of gallium-5-sulfo-8-quinolinol (H(2)QS) chelate anion wi
th tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (Zephiramine), and subseq
uently back-extracted into 0.3 cm(3) of a nitric acid solution. The hi
gh efficiency of extraction and back extraction allows gallium to be c
oncentrated about 5000-fold with a combined single extraction and back
extraction. The back-extracted solution, containing 250 mu g cm(-3) o
f nickel as a matrix modifier, is suitable for the determination of ga
llium by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). The de
tection limit (3 sigma) for gallium is 0.29 ng dm(-3) based on a 1500-
fold preconcentration. The concentration of dissolved gallium in river
water was found to be 5.3-9.2 ng dm(-3) by the proposed method.