Changes in science policy are taking place in industrialized democraci
es throughout the world. This paper is concerned with the implications
of these changes for the content and conduct of publicly-funded scien
ce and research. We start from the view that science policy changes ar
e related to wider changes in the role of government, and in the struc
ture, organization and management of the public sector. New Zealand ha
s attracted international attention in this context because of its com
mitment to a radical programme of public sector reforms. While this re
flects similar developments and concerns elsewhere, the New Zealand ex
perience is especially interesting because of the rigour with which po
licy has been implemented, the radical nature of the changes made, and
the relatively short time-span involved. Thus, in focusing on New Zea
land, we hope to present material of interest both there and to a wide
r audience.