S. Fukumoto et al., MICROSTRUCTURE OF FRICTION WELD INTERFACE OF 1050-ALUMINUM TO AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEEL, Materials science and technology, 14(4), 1998, pp. 333-338
Type 1050 aluminum was bonded to type 304 stainless steel by a frictio
n welding procedure. The aluminium was greatly deformed, and the grain
s were elongated and refined near the weld interface. The stainless st
eel was slightly deformed and partly transformed at the faying surface
from austenite to martensite owing to hard friction. As a result, the
hardness of both materials in the vicinity of the weld interface was
higher than that of the base metals. Constituent elements of both mate
rials had interdiffused through the weld interface, and some intermeta
llic compounds, Fe-2-Al-5, FeAl, and Fe3Al, were formed at the weld in
terface. It was presumed by estimating with metallographic observation
that the welding temperature was lower than the lowest eutectic tempe
rature in the metal system. So the friction welding mechanism of this
system was based on interdiffusion of each constituent in the solid st
ate.