Sj. Cronin et al., AGRONOMIC IMPACT OF TEPHRA FALLOUT FROM THE 1995 AND 1996 RUAPEHU VOLCANO ERUPTIONS, NEW-ZEALAND, Environmental geology, 34(1), 1998, pp. 21-30
Citations number
26
Categorie Soggetti
Water Resources","Environmental Sciences","Geosciences, Interdisciplinary
Eruptions from Ruapehu Volcano on 11 and 14 October 1995 and 17 June 1
996 distributed at least 36 x 10(6) m(3) of sulphur(S)-rich tephra ove
r the central and eastern North Island of New Zealand. The tephras add
ed between 30-1500 kg ha(-1) S to at least 25 000 km(2) of land in pri
mary production. Smaller but beneficial amounts of selenium (Se) and i
n some areas potassium and magnesium were also supplied. Addition of S
to the soils in the form of sulphate and elemental S resulted in a dr
op in soil pH and an increase in pasture S contents within seven weeks
of the eruptions. The soils affected by the tephra are naturally low
in S and Se, but following the eruptions S was not required in fertili
zer applications in many areas. The strongest and longest lasting effe
cts of S and Se deposition were in high anion-retention soils particul
arly Hapludands (moist, moderately weathered soils, derived from volca
nic ash). Soluble fluorine concentrations within the tephras were low
compared to historic Icelandic and Chilean examples. However, pastoral
livestock deaths were apparently caused by fluorosis in addition to s
tarvation when tephra covered feed. The Ruapehu tephra contained very
low concentrations of other soluble toxic elements.