IMPROVED MIXING OF HIGH-RATE ALGAL PONDS

High rate algal pond systems (HRAP) are suitable for the treatment of settled domestic sewage. They combine the advantages of simplicity, lo w cost and ability to remove BOD-through oxygen produced by algal phot osynthesis-and also phosphorus, the rate limiting nutrient in eutrophi cation of most surface fresh waters (Fallowfield and Garrett, 1985a). Using new research results on the biology and chemistry of the system a special flow pattern was introduced to improve the efficiency of the HRAP waste treatment method. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science L td. All rights reserved.