LONG-TERM USE OF THE FEMALE CONDOM AMONG COUPLES AT HIGH-RISK OF HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION IN ZAMBIA

Background: Few studies have measured female condom use for more than a 6-month period or among persons at high risk of STD. Objective: To m easure long-term use of the female condom among couples at his risk of HIV infection and to evaluate the effect of female condom use on unpr otected coital acts. Study Design: Ninety-nine Zambian couples with sy mptomatic sexually transmitted diseases (STD) received female condoms, male condoms, and spermicides and were counseled to use either condom plus spermicide for each coital act, Couples were followed up at 3-, 6-, and 12-month visits. Barrier contraceptive use was measured prospe ctively by coital log, Results: Among the 99 couples enrolled, 51, 38, and 30 couples were successfully followed up for 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Female condoms mere reportedly used in 24%, 27%, and 23 % of coital acts and by 86%, 79%, and 67% of the returning couples dur ing each time interval. Higher-level female condom users used male con doms less often but had fewer unprotected coital acts (5% vs. 14%; p < 0.05 than lower-level female condom users. Conclusion: A majority of couples at high risk of HIV infection used the female condom in conjun ction with other barrier methods over a 1-year period. The addition of female condoms accompanied by appropriate counseling to the barrier m ethod mix may reduce unprotected sex among couples at high-risk of HIV infection.