The delivery of drugs into and through the skin is a recognized and ef
fective means of therapy for dermatologic, regional, and systemic dise
ase. The selection of drug candidates and the rational design of suita
ble formulations depends upon the biological make-up of the skin's bar
rier, and the physiochemical interactions between the membrane, the de
livery system technology, and the active agent. This article summarize
s the state of the art and examines more recent developments that are
the subject of considerable research at this time. In addition, the po
tential to use the skin as a portal for noninvasive clinical chemistry
(e.g., for glucose monitoring in diabetics) is discussed.