Ie. Segal et Jf. Nicoll, COSMOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF A LARGE COMPLETE QUASAR SAMPLE, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United Statesof America, 95(9), 1998, pp. 4804-4807
Objective and reproducible determinations of the probabilistic signifi
cance levels of the deviations between theoretical cosmological predic
tion and direct model-independent observation are made for the Large B
right Quasar Sample [Foltz, C., Chaffee, F. H., Hewett, P. C., MacAlpi
ne, G. M., Turnshek, D. A., et al. (1987) Astron. J. 94, 1423-1460]. T
he Expanding Universe model as represented by the Friedman-Lemaitre co
smology with parameters q(o) = 0, Lambda = 0 denoted as C1 and chronom
etric cosmology (no relevant adjustable parameters) denoted as C2 are
the cosmologies considered. The mean and the dispersion of the apparen
t magnitudes and the slope of the apparent magnitude-redshift relation
are the directly observed statistics predicted. The C1 predictions of
these cosmology-independent quantities are deviant by as much as 11 s
igma from direct observation; none of the C2 predictions deviate by >2
sigma. The C1 deviations may be reconciled with theory by the hypothe
sis of quasar ''evolution,'' which, however, appears incapable of bein
g substantiated through direct observation. The excellent quantitative
agreement of the C1 deviations with those predicted by C2 without adj
ustable parameters for the results of analysis predicated on C1 indica
tes that the evolution hypothesis may well be a theoretical artifact.